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1.Two major factors contributed to devastating summer flooding along the Yangtze River and its tributaries.First, erosion resulting from excessive deforestation in the upper reaches of the river and, second ，heavy silting which raised the riverbed in the main channel.

两个主要因素导致了夏季长江及其支流的特大洪水。，过度砍伐引起的河流上游的侵蚀，第二，严重的泥沙淤积抬高了主干道的河床。

2.Greed and a total lack of social consciousness have been cited as major reasons for the dramatic rise corruption.

人们认为贪婪和社会意识的彻底缺乏是造成腐败急剧增加的主要原因。

3.There are several reasons for the marked increase in China''s crime rate-the dramatic influx of itinerant workers in urban areas declining social values and widening disparities between the haves and have-nots.

中国的犯罪率显着升高有很多原因––城区大量流动工人的涌入社会价值的贬低以及贫富之间日益扩大的差距。

4.Why are an increasing number of elderly Chinese parents living apart from their children? One reason is the increasing upward mobility of the younger generation.Another is expanding social opportunities for the elderly.Perhaps the main reason, however, centers on dramatic changes in traditional concepts.

为什么越来越多的中国老人不和他们的孩子住在一起?原因之一是年轻一代的上进心增强了。另一个原因是社会上老人的机会增加了。然而，主要的原因可能是传统观念发生了巨大变化。

5.What has sparked the increasing interest in exercise? For one thing, people have gained a greater awareness of the need for physical fitness.For another, the constantly improving standard of living enables Chinese people to patronize the increasing number of recreational venues.The main thing perhaps centers on the healthcare and psychological benefits exercise provides.

什么引发了人们对锻炼越来越浓的兴趣?一方面，人们更加清楚地意识到保持身体健康的必要性。另一方面，不断提高的生活水平使中国人能够支付增加的娱乐支出。主要的可能在于锻炼带来的保健和心理上的好处。

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