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考研语法入门篇之关系代词which,that,who的区别

作者: 2020-06-24 11:27 来源:昆明编辑
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which/ that/ who三者的用法比较复杂,今天昆明新航道好轻松考研小编重点为大家梳理一下which/ that/ who用法的区别。一起来学习吧。


  which VS that


  which和that都可指代物,有时候可以互换,有时却是“水火不容”:


  一、只用that不能用which的情况:


  (1)先行词被序数词或形容词最所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最时:


  The most important thing that we should do is to study hard.


  我们要做的最重要的事情就是努力学习。


  (2)被修饰的先行词为all/ any/ much/ many/ everything/ anything/ none/the one等不定代词时:


  Is there any thing that you want to buy?你有什么东西要买吗?


  (3)先行词被the only/ the very/ the same/the last/ little/ few等词修饰时:


  This is the same book that I lost.这就是我丢的那本书。


  (3)先行词里同时含有人和物时:


  I can remember the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.


  我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。


  (4)避免重复:


  Which is the pen that belongs to you?哪支笔是你的?


  (5)主句是there be结构:


  There is a pen on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那支笔是汤姆的。


  二、只用which,而不用that的情况:


  (1)先行词为that/ those时:


  What’s that which is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?


  (2)关系代词前有介词时:


  This is the city in which he lives.这是他生活的城市。


  (3)引导非限制性定语从句:


  Tom passed the exam, which made us surprised.汤姆通过了考试,这使我们很惊讶。


  that VS who


  两者均可指人,有时可互换:


  All that /who heard the news were sad. 所有听到消息的人都很伤心。


  He is the only one among us that/ who knows Spanish.他是我们中间懂西班牙语的人。


  一、只用that不能用who的情况:


  (1)当先行词指人又指物时:


  I remember the persons and pictures that I saw in the museum. 我记得在博物馆看到的那些人和图片。


  (2)避免重复:


  Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯?


  (3)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略):


  Jack is not the boy (that) he was ten years ago.杰克不再是十年前那个样子了。


  二、只用who不能用that的情况:


  (1)先行词为one、ones或anyone :


  Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.  所有违法的人都该受到惩罚。


  (2)先行词为those且指人 :


  Those who break the law will be punished. 违法的那些人都会受到惩罚。


  (3)在there be开头的句子中:


  There is a student who wants to see you.


  (4)避免重复:


  Who is the boy that is writing?正在写字的那个男孩是谁?


  (5)在非限制性定语从句中:


  I have a good friend, who comes from the USA.

    更多考研知识,关注昆明新航道好轻松考研 。

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