昨天，也就是在刚刚迈入2019年的第三天，我们被毫无任何征兆滴一个消息震撼着：中国的嫦娥4号成功登上月球背面！中国嫦娥四号月球探测器成功的在月球背面软着陆，成为人类在月球背面软着陆的探测器。

这简直是激动人心+大快人心啊！

登月？嫦娥？即使作为科技盲的小编我，也觉得这几个词不陌生啊，为何此次成就被称为“人类历史上伟大成就”？

科普时间到：铛铛

月球因为被地球潮汐锁定了，永远以一面对着地球，所以古人只能看到月球的一半。

当然，地球上看不见全貌，可以飞到太空中去看。1959年苏联人发射的月球3号探测器就已经路过背面并拍了照片（虽然画质很差orz）。1968年阿波罗8号环绕月球飞行时，上面的宇航员成为了批肉眼看到月球背面的人类。

人类探测器也不是没有在月背着陆过，但之前的着陆都是硬撞上去。其中有些不是故意的，比如美国人的游骑兵4号因为电脑坏了所以一头栽在月背上

在月球背面软着陆，嫦娥4号是历史上次。

▼ 给全体航天科研人员点赞 ▼

恭喜中国航天，也为祖国骄傲。外网对此次中国航天事业伟大成就也十分关注，小编整理了相关报道~希望与大家一起边普及边学习！

美国宇航局NASA的局长Jim Bridenstine也立刻发帖向中国“嫦娥4号”团队表示祝贺，称这是人类史上的，更是一项“令人印象深刻的成就！“

▼ 外国网友对嫦娥4号及其成就的巨大热情 ▼

▼ CNN报道 ▼

Beijing (CNN)In a historic first, China has landed a rover on the far side of the moon, state media announced Thursday, a huge milestone for the nation as it attempts to position itself as a leading space power.

北京(CNN)官方媒体周四宣布，中国将月球车降落在月球背面，这是中国试图将自己定位为领先太空大国的一个巨大里程碑。

It made its final descent from an elliptical orbit 15 kilometers (9.3 miles) above the moon's surface, making a "smooth" and "precise" landing, according to the general designer of Chang'e 4, Sun Zezhou, who added that the probe pulled off a "bull's-eye."

嫦娥四号的总设计师孙泽洲说，嫦娥四号最后一次从距月球表面15公里(9.3英里)的椭圆轨道下降，“平稳”“精确”着陆。孙泽洲补充说，探测器击中了“靶心”。

State media reported that the rover, which China has named Yutu-2, or Jade Rabbit-2, transmitted back the world's first close-range image of the far side of the moon. In Chinese foklore, Yutu is the white pet rabbit of Chang'e, the moon goddess after which the Chinese lunar mission is named, state media Xinhua reported.

据官方媒体报道，中国命名为“玉兔2号”(Yutu-2)或“玉兔2号”(Jade Rabbit-2)的月球车传回了世界上张月球背面的近距离图像。据新华社报道，在中国的传说中，玉兔是嫦娥的白色宠物兔，嫦娥是中国登月任务的名字。

Several hours after touchdown, the rover separated from the lander on the moon's surface and began its mission.

着陆器着陆几个小时后，与月球表面的着陆器分离，开始执行任务。

The success of the mission represents a landmark in human space exploration. The area where the probe has landed faces away from Earth, meaning it is free from radio frequencies. As a result, it is not possible for a lunar rover to communicate directly with ground control. To overcome this hurdle, China launched a dedicated satellite orbiting the moon last year that will be able to relay information from the rover to Earth.

这次任务的成功是人类太空探索的一个里程碑。探测器着陆的地方面朝地球，这意味着它没有无线电频率。因此，月球车不可能与地面控制系统直接通信。为了克服这一障碍，中国去年发射了一颗绕月球轨道运行的专用卫星，该卫星将能够将月球车的信息传递给地球。

"China is on the road to become a strong space nation. And this marks one of the milestone events of building a strong space nation," chief designer for the lunar mission, Wu Weiren, told China Central Television.

“中国正在成为一个强大的太空国家。这标志着建设强大太空国家的里程碑事件之一。

▼ CGTN报道 ▼

China's Chang'e-4 probe successfully landed on the far side of the Moon at 10:26 a.m. BJT Thursday. This is the first ever soft-landing on this previously uncharted area.

周四上午10点26分，中国嫦娥四号探测器成功着陆在月球背面。这是次软着陆在这个之前未知的领域。

The dark side is never visible from the earth due to a phenomenon called tidal locking. But the probe sent back the world's first close picture of the Moon's far side via the relay satellite Queqiao (Magpie Bridge) which is operating in the halo orbit around the second Lagrangian (L2) point of the Earth-Moon system.

由于潮汐锁定现象，黑暗的一面从地球上永远看不见。但探测器通过中继卫星“鹊桥”传回了世界上张月球远端的近距离照片。“鹊桥”运行在绕地月系统第二拉格朗日点(L2)的光环轨道上。

The Chang'e-4 – which includes a lander and a rover – is now expected to study the mineral composition and shallow lunar surface structure of the Moon's far side, as well as perform low-frequency radio astronomical observation.

嫦娥四号包括着陆器和月球车，预计将研究月球远侧的矿物成分和浅层月球表面结构，并进行低频无线电天文观测。

It will be a key step in revealing the mysterious side of the Moon, which never faces the Earth. 

这将是揭开月球神秘一面的关键一步，月球从未面对过地球。

The exact landing area is called Aitken Basin's Von Karman crater, and it is about 24,000 kilometers across and 13 kilometers deep. Chinese scientists believe the spacecraft's landing on this huge crater would enable them to collect some new information about the Moon's mantle, which is the name for the layer below the surface.

准确的着陆点被称为艾特肯盆地的冯卡曼陨石坑，直径约24000公里，深13公里。中国科学家相信，探测器降落在这个巨大的陨石坑上，将使他们能够收集一些有关月球地幔的新信息。

One of the key challenges and targets of the project is to validate communication technology via a relay satellite. The probe is communicating with Earth via the Queqiiao relay satellite, which was launched in last May to enable communication between the ground controllers and the Chang'e-4 probe.

该项目的关键挑战和目标之一是通过中继卫星验证通信技术。“嫦娥四号”探测器正在通过“雀旗号”中继卫星与地球通信，“雀旗号”中继卫星于去年5月发射升空，以实现地面控制人员与“嫦娥四号”探测器之间的通信。

Several different scientific programs were developed for the mission by Chinese universities, and there are also four international payloads jointly developed by scientists from Germany, Sweden, Netherlands, Saudi Arabia and China. According to the China National Space Administration, over the next few months, they will conduct all these experiments accordingly.

中国大学为该项目开发了多个不同的科研项目，德国、瑞典、荷兰、沙特阿拉伯和中国的科学家共同开发了四个国际载荷。据中国国家航天局表示，未来几个月，他们将进行所有这些实验。