雅思数据类小作文中饼图是经常考的一类图表，饼图一般不单独出现，至少是2个起步，也有3个饼图，4个饼图，甚至剑11上有6个饼图的图表。如果出现单个饼图，一般是和其他图表如线图，柱状图和表格搭配出现。虽然都是视觉化直观地呈现数据，不同图表的表现重点是不一样的，如线图比较侧重数据不间断的趋势变化，柱状图强调数据的分布区间和不同类别之间的差异，饼图则能清晰得表现不同类别的占比和排名情况。在饼图中可以一目了然地看出那种类别占主导地位，哪种类别的数量最少。所以在饼图的写作中，一般有以下几个主要特征和语言表达得分点。

1、排名情况 ：哪种是最多的，哪种排名第二，哪种是最少的。可以用形容词的最（如most popular, the largest proportion等），principal，dominant表示主要的形容词，或者一些短语(如take the lead ) 来表达

2、占比句式：percentage, proportion, account for, constitute 等词能用的都用起来，写的时候力求表达句式的丰富性。注意更换主语，一般主语不同的时候句式就不同

3、倍数表达：饼图中一些数据存在倍数关系，我们可以用double， triple， two times as large as ..等短语表达。倍数关系的表达一方面可以展示我们的语言能力，另一方面可以突出数据的大小关系，并且可以省略一些数值，让表达更简洁

4、分数和百分数之间转换：如32% 我们可以写成around a third, 78% 可以写成just over three quarters

5、数据的合并和拆分：当饼图中的数据较多时，可以把两个数据加起来写（特别是加起来占比较大时），之后可以再把数据拆分 （如A and B account for.. respectively) ,有时也可以不做拆分

6、趋势表达：动态饼图可以使用趋势动词表示占比数值的变化，如increase sharply，decline marginally 等

7、数据分组：多饼图时观察数据分布模式，趋势变化特点等对数据进行分组，并依据分组对文章分段。比较典型的饼图分组可以参考剑8 test2 和剑11test1的饼图

8、时态：如果题目中有明确的年份时间，就按照时间写，如果没有，要根据题目prompt部分和图表内容判断

9、衔接: 趋势和占比可以做对比，如 by contrast, while, whereas, similarly, opposite trend 等

我们以剑11 test4的小作文为例，具体说一下作文怎么写。这篇官方没有提供范文，老师之前自己写了一篇。我按照自己写作的思路给大家梳理一下写作的过程和重点词汇，句式。

首先观察图表，确定写作的时态。图表介绍部分说“during the year before and the year after it was refurbished" 里面出现了过去式 was, 并且图表已经呈现了满意度调查的结果，所以可以确定主要时态使用一般过去时。

这是一个混合图表，前面是表格，很简单，只有两个数据，很好写。重点是下面的饼图，数据较多。这是一个动态饼图，有两种写法。一种是按照静态图处理，先写完个饼图再写第二个饼图。第二种是按照动态图的思路写趋势变化。另外我们观察到在博物馆修缮之后，满意的游客数量和非常满意的游客数量增加了，相反不满意的和非常不满意的游客数量减少，那我们就可以按照趋势来分组处理数据。

参考范文  191 words

The table illustrates the number of tourists who paid a visit to Ashdown museum, and the figure rose from 74,000 to 92,000 in the year after its refurbishment.

本段解析：混合图表的开头改写部分可以放在一起写，也可以拆开写。数据比较简单，直接写数值变化就可以了。词性的变化也是一种常用的改写技巧，题目中用的是visitors，我改成了 paid a visit to, refurbish 换成了refurbishment.

The pie charts show how people’s degree of satisfaction changed after the renovation. In the former year, the proportion of respondents who felt relatively satisfied about the museum was 45%, with very satisfied people and satisfied people constituting 15% and 30% respectively. On the other hand, the largest proportion of visitors surveyed were dissatisfied (40%), and this figure was four times that of people who were very dissatisfied. Besides, the rest 5% of visitors gave no response in the survey.

本段解析：这段写修缮之前的饼图。开头 how... changed 是常用的动态图表改写句式。renovation 也是翻新的意思，替换refurbishment.  the proportion of respondents who felt relatively satisfied about the museum was 45%, with very satisfied people and satisfied people constituting 15% and 30% respectively.  这句话就把satisfied 和 very satisfied 做了合并，后面有with独立主格结构把合并的数据再做拆分。加入on the other hand 对比不满意的游客数值。the largest proportion 就是要突出饼图当中数据的排名情况，建议不要省略。four times that of... 使用倍数关系表示数值。

The year after refurbishment witnessed a substantial growth in the percentage of very satisfied visitors, which climbed to 35% and the proportion of satisfied visitors also increased, albeit to a lesser extent, to 40%. The number of dissatisfied and very dissatisfied visitors declined significantly, accounting for one fifth collectively. Meanwhile, the proportion of visitors with no response remained unchanged（5%）.

本段解析：这段写装修之后的饼图。句用时间+witness/see +变化这种句式显得稍微“” 一些。substantial growth 用形容词+名词突出变化的幅度。climb 和 increase 都表示增长，写作的时候注意替换 （还有go up, rise 等动词）。albeit 意思是“尽管”  albeit to a lesser extent 意思是“尽管增长的幅度稍小”，因为在动态图中，趋势相同，趋势变化的幅度不同时也可以做对比，并且此处做插入语，句式也更加丰富。accounting for 是分词做伴随状语，这是在小作文中经常用到的句式，大家要熟练掌握。最后用meanwhile 衔接一下，带出没有变化的数值。

Overall, the table and pie charts suggest that both the popularity and visitors’  satisfaction of Ashdown museum were boosted after refurbishment.

本段解析：综合图表的最后一段一般找一下两个图表有没有什么关联，如果有关联就写，没有关联就再把主要特征总结一下就好。本图中我们可以看到博物馆装修之后无论是游客的数量，还是游客的满意度都有所提高。

完整范文如下：

The table illustrates the number of tourists who paid a visit to Ashdown museum, and the figure rose from 74,000 to 92,000 in the year after its refurbishment.

The pie charts show how people’s degree of satisfaction changed after the renovation. In the former year, the proportion of respondents who felt relatively satisfied about the museum was 45%, with very satisfied people and satisfied people constituting 15% and 30% respectively. On the other hand, the largest proportion of visitors surveyed were dissatisfied (40%), and this figure was four times that of people who were very dissatisfied. Besides, the rest 5% of visitors gave no response in the survey.

The year after refurbishment witnessed a substantial growth in the percentage of very satisfied visitors, which climbed to 35% and the proportion of satisfied visitors also increased, albeit to a lesser extent, to 40%. The number of dissatisfied and very dissatisfied visitors declined significantly, accounting for one fifth collectively. Meanwhile, the proportion of visitors with no response remained unchanged（5%）.

Overall, the table and pie charts suggest that both the popularity and visitors’  satisfaction of Ashdown museum were boosted after refurbishment.

小作文饼图并不难写，很多思路，词汇和句式表达都是相通的。只要你掌握上面提到的要点，并且减少语法错误，不遗漏图表的主要特征，得到理想的分数还是很有希望的,希望老师的讲解有所帮助。